Court says NOAA must explain lack of protective measures for corals

By Daniel Cusick | 03/07/2025 04:06 PM EST

The agency “offered no reasoned explanation for declining to protect the threatened coral species from their gravest threat, climate change,” a federal judge wrote.

Coral in Kaneohe, Hawaii, is partially bleached because of higher-than-normal ocean temperatures.

Coral in Kaneohe, Hawaii, is partially bleached because of higher-than-normal ocean temperatures Sept. 10, 2015. Dan Dennison/Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources/AP

A federal judge has ordered NOAA to explain why it declined to adopt regulations to protect 20 coral species designated in 2014 as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.

In a 42-page decision, Judge Micah W.J. Smith of the District Court of Hawaii said NOAA Fisheries, also known as the National Marine Fisheries Service, failed to provide adequate explanation for denying a 2020 petition from the Center for Biological Diversity to impose protective measures for the species that live Florida, the Caribbean, and the Indo-Pacific region and are threatened by the impacts of climate change.

“Even under [a] highly deferential standard of review, two facets of NMFS’ denial letter fall short,” Smith wrote. “NMFS offered no reasoned explanation for declining to protect the threatened coral species from their gravest threat, climate change. And for one set of the threatened species, the Caribbean corals, NMFS offered no reasoned explanation for declining to adopt regulations addressing localized threats.”

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The Center for Biological Diversity said Thursday’s ruling “underlines climate change’s overwhelming threat to imperiled corals.”

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